Gummy candies are a beloved and versatile treat that can be shaped and colored into virtually anything you can dream up. Whether your customers prefer a soft chew or a longer-lasting chew, the science behind the satisfying treat is basically the same - low-boiled sweets with a gelling agent (hydrocolloid).
In this article, we'll explore the science behind the six top-selling types of gummies and why you should carry them in your store. We'll also rate them on their "meltability" factor - a "Five Gummy Bear" rating means they melt easily, while a "Zero Gummy Bear" rating means they really stand up to heat.
Gelatin is the "true" gummy candy we all know and love. The science behind gelatin is fascinating - gelatin is a long protein that forms a triple cylindrical helix. When dissolved in water and heated, the protein strands form junction zones with nearby gelatin proteins, which slows down water molecule movement and forms a stiff gel upon cooling. This gel is thermoreversible - it will melt if the temperature increases and will also re-gel upon cooling. Customers love the firm texture and long-lasting chew of gelatin gummies, and the fun elasticity adds to the appeal. However, gelatin gummies have a meltability factor of 4 out of 5 Gummy Bears, so don't leave them in your glove compartment on a warm day!
Starch gummies are among the best sellers in the "gummy" category, including Swedish Fish and Gumdrops. Starch is found in fruits, vegetables, and grains. When exposed to hot water, starch molecules swell immensely and thicken the mixture, creating a gel during cooling. Starch gummies have an easy-to-chew texture that sticks to your teeth, which adds to their appeal. However, starch gummies have a meltability factor of 3.5 out of 5 Gummy Bears, so they prefer a cooler climate.
Flour is quite uncommon in candy production, except for one particular item - licorice! Flour is chock-full of starch and gluten, which imparts the strong protein structure of gluten that allows the licorice to be pulled and rolled without breaking the gel. Starch candies (known as "licorice" to your loyal customers) are a perennial favorite, including Red Vines, Twizzlers, and Finnish Licorice. Wheat "gummies" have a meltability factor of 3 out of 5 Gummy Bears and will go stale more easily than they'll melt.
Agar is derived from seaweed or algae and is similar to gelatin, but with a unique ability called hysteresis. Hysteresis gives agar a much higher melting temperature than its gelling temperature, resulting in a short texture and a very soft bite. Fruit Slices are the most popular agar "gummies," and customers claim our Fruit Slices are "the best they've ever tasted." Agar candies are suitable for vegetarians and vegans and are a huge spring seasonal seller. Agar candies have a meltability factor of 2 out of 5 Gummy Bears, which means they'll hold up well in warmer temperatures.
Pectin gummies are a great option for customers who prefer a vegan-friendly treat. Pectin is derived from fruit, and pectin gummies have a firmer texture and a more subtle flavor than gelatin gummies. Pectin is also a popular choice for CBD gummies, which are infused with CBD oil. CBD gummies are a growing trend and a great way for customers to incorporate CBD into their daily routine. Pectin gummies have a meltability factor of 4 out of 5 Gummy Bears, so they might not be the best option for a hot summer day.
Last, but not least, we have the mysterious world of "gummy" vitamins. These supplements use a combination of gelling agents, often including pectin or gelatin, to create a chewable and tasty way to take your vitamins. They come in a variety of shapes and flavors, from bears to worms to fruits. While they may not have the same level of appeal as traditional gummy candies, they're a great way to make sure you're getting the nutrients you need. Gummy vitamins have a meltability factor of 3 out of 5 Gummy Bears, so they're best stored in a cool, dry place.
So there you have it, folks - the science behind the six most popular types of gummies! Whether you prefer the firm texture of gelatin gummies or the vegan-friendly option of pectin gummies, there's a gummy out there for everyone.
